José Vieira Couto de Magalhães (1 November 1837 - 14 September 1898) was a Brazilian politician, military officer, writer and folklorist. Magalhães began his studies at Mariana Seminar. He studied mathematics at the Military Academy of Rio de Janeiro and attended the course in Field Artillery in

London London is the capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary dow ...

. He graduated from in

law Law is a set of rules that are created and are enforceable by social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior,Robertson, ''Crimes against humanity'', 90. with its precise definition a matter of longstanding debate. It has been vario ...

at São Paulo Law School in 1859. Couto de Magalhães knew the interior of Brazil and was the initiator of steam navigation in the Brazilian Highlands. He has advised the State and MP for

Goiás Goiás () is a Brazilian state located in the Center-West region. Goiás borders the Federal District and the states of (from north clockwise) Tocantins, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso do Sul and Mato Grosso. The state capital is Goi ...

and Mato Grosso. He was president of the provinces of Goiás, January 8, 1863 to 5 April 1864,

Pará Pará is a state of Brazil, located in northern Brazil and traversed by the lower Amazon River. It borders the Brazilian states of Amapá, Maranhão, Tocantins, Mato Grosso, Amazonas and Roraima. To the northwest are the borders of Guyana ...

, of July 29, 1864 to May 8, 1866, Mato Grosso, of February 2, 1867 a 13 April 1868 and

São Paulo São Paulo (, ; Portuguese for ' Saint Paul') is the most populous city in Brazil, and is the capital of the state of São Paulo, the most populous and wealthiest Brazilian state, located in the country's Southeast Region. Listed by the Ga ...

, from June 10 to November 16, 1889, during which the republic was proclaimed. Arrested and sent to

Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro ( , , ; literally 'River of January'), or simply Rio, is the capital of the state of the same name, Brazil's third-most populous state, and the second-most populous city in Brazil, after São Paulo. Listed by the GaWC as a ...

, Magalhães was released in recognition of his huge culture and actions of society for clearing the Brazilian backlands. Magalhães spoke French,

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, Tupi and numerous indigenous dialects. he was the one who started the folklore studies in Brazil, publishing ''O Selvagem'' (''The Wild'') (1876) and ''Testes de antropologia'' (''Anthropology testing'') (1894), among others. He founded in 1885 the first astronomical observatory in the state of São Paulo, at his farm in Great Bridge on the River Tietê. Couto de Magalhães is the patron in the following academies of letters: *chair 31 of Academia Tocantinense de Letras; *chair 19 of Academia Matogrossense de Letras; *chair 11 of Academia Sul-matogrossense de Letras. The cities of Couto de Magalhães de Minas in

Minas Gerais Minas Gerais () is a state in Southeastern Brazil. It ranks as the second most populous, the third by gross domestic product (GDP), and the fourth largest by area in the country. The state's capital and largest city, Belo Horizonte (literally ...

and Couto de Magalhães in

Tocantins Tocantins () is one of the 26 states of Brazil. It is the newest state, formed in 1988 and encompassing what had formerly been the northern two-fifths of the state of Goiás. Tocantins covers and had an estimated population of 1,496,880 in 20 ...

are named after him.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Magalhaes, Jose Vieira Couto de 1837 births 1898 deaths People from Diamantina Governors of Goiás Governors of Pará Governors of Mato Grosso Governors of São Paulo (state) Liberal Party (Brazil) politicians Brazilian folklorists Brazilian essayists 19th-century Brazilian lawyers Brazilian generals